A Complete Guide to Nail Extension Products, Tools, and Techniques
Artificial nails, also known as fake nails, nail extensions, or enhancements, have become a global trend in the beauty and cosmetics industry. From celebrity red carpets to local nail salons, artificial nails are a staple for those wanting to enhance the look, length, and design of natural nails. But what exactly goes into creating these stunning manicures? In this comprehensive guide, we will dive deep into the world of artificial nail materials—exploring every tool, chemical, and accessory used by professional nail technicians worldwide.
1. Types of Artificial Nails
Before exploring the materials, it’s important to understand the three primary types of artificial nails, as each one requires a different set of products and techniques:
1.1 Acrylic Nails
Acrylic nails are created using a liquid monomer and a powder polymer that harden when exposed to air. These nails are strong, durable, and ideal for long-term wear.
1.2 Gel Nails
Gel nails are applied using a brush-on gel product that must be cured under a UV or LED lamp. They tend to be more flexible and natural-looking than acrylics.
1.3 Dip Powder Nails
Dip powder nails involve dipping the nails into a colored powder and sealing it with a bonding resin. This method provides strength without the need for UV curing.
2. Core Materials for Artificial Nails
2.1 Liquid Monomer (for Acrylics)
- Chemical Name: Ethyl Methacrylate (EMA)
- Function: Acts as the activating liquid that reacts with the powder to form a hard acrylic layer.
- Important Tip: Avoid MMA (Methyl Methacrylate) which is banned in many countries due to its toxicity.
2.2 Polymer Powder
- Comes in colors such as clear, pink, or white.
- Used in conjunction with the liquid monomer to create the acrylic overlay.
2.3 Gel Products
- Builder Gel: For creating nail length and strength.
- Top Gel: Provides a high-shine, protective finish.
- Base Gel: Ensures proper adhesion to the natural nail.
2.4 Dip Powders
- Colored Powder: Available in thousands of shades.
- Clear Powder: Often used to encapsulate nail art or glitter.
- Activator: A liquid that cures the dip powder instantly.
3. Essential Tools for Nail Application
3.1 Nail Tips and Forms
- Plastic Nail Tips: Used to extend the nail before applying acrylic or gel.
- Nail Forms: Paper or foil guides placed under the nail for sculpting without tips.
3.2 Nail Files and Buffers
- Grit Range: 80 (rough) to 240+ (smooth)
- Used for shaping artificial nails and smoothing surfaces.
3.3 Brushes
- Acrylic Brush: Usually made of kolinsky hair, designed to work with liquid and powder.
- Gel Brush: Flat and synthetic, used to spread gel evenly.
- Detail Brush: For nail art and precision work.
3.4 UV/LED Lamps
- Required for curing gel products.
- LED lamps cure faster, but not all gels are LED-compatible.
4. Preparation & Adhesion Products
4.1 Nail Dehydrator
- Removes oils and moisture from the nail bed to prevent lifting.
4.2 Nail Primer
- Acid Primer: Provides ultra-strong adhesion, mainly used in problematic nails.
- Non-Acid Primer: Safer and more commonly used.
4.3 Nail Glue
- Strong adhesive used to attach nail tips.
- Comes in brush-on or squeeze bottle formats.
5. Finishing and Nail Art Materials
5.1 Top Coat
- Glossy or Matte: Protects the design and adds a finished look.
5.2 Nail Art Accessories
- Rhinestones
- Glitters
- Chrome Powders
- Stickers, Foils & Stamps
- 3D Gel and Sculpting Gels
5.3 Acrylic Paints or Gel Paints
- Used for advanced nail art like floral designs or portraits.
6. Sanitation and Safety Products
6.1 Disposable Tools
- Nail files, buffers, and forms should be single-use in professional settings.
6.2 Disinfectants & Sanitizers
- Used for cleaning tools and workspaces.
- Barbicide is commonly used in salons.
6.3 Cuticle Pusher and Nipper
- Prepares the nail bed and improves application results.
6.4 Dust Collector and Face Masks
- Prevents inhalation of acrylic or filing dust, improving salon air quality.
7. Storage and Organization
7.1 Airtight Containers
- Essential for storing monomers and preventing evaporation.
7.2 UV-Protective Bottles
- Keeps gel products from curing inside the bottle due to exposure.
7.3 Nail Tech Organizer Boxes
- Keeps brushes, nail art tools, and polish organized and sanitary.
8. Optional Tools and Add-ons
8.1 Electric Nail Drill (E-File)
- Speeds up shaping and product removal.
- Comes with multiple bits for various tasks (e.g., sanding, cuticle cleaning).
8.2 Nail Soak Bowls
- Used during acrylic or gel removal using acetone.
8.3 Silicone Nail Mats
- Protect work surfaces and provide a clean area for nail art.
9. Tips for Nail Technicians and Enthusiasts
- Always wear gloves when handling monomers and chemicals.
- Store materials in a cool, dark, and dry place.
- Keep expiration dates in check—expired gels may cure improperly.
- Never mix different brands of monomer and polymer.
- Prioritize ventilation in the workspace—especially when using acrylics.
10. Final Thoughts: Why Understanding Materials Matters
Knowing the exact materials used in artificial nails helps both professionals and clients make safer, better-informed choices. Whether you’re a licensed nail technician, a beauty enthusiast, or simply someone who loves gorgeous nails, understanding your products enhances quality, safety, and creativity.
The world of artificial nails is ever-evolving, with new trends like builder gel in a bottle, rubber base coats, and nail sculpting 3D art pushing boundaries. As techniques and products advance, staying educated is key to creating nail designs that are not only stunning—but also strong, safe, and sustainable.
🧡 “Artificial nails are not just an art, but a science—and every masterpiece begins with the right materials.”